富水地层盾构到达洞门密封技术研究

以华东地区某盾构接收工程为例,针对盾构到达洞门帘布时橡胶与盾壳之间无法完全密封引起的洞门漏浆现象,基于三道洞门密封技术以及自制浆液同步注浆和二次注浆技术对洞门密封方法进行研究。研究结果表明:通过三道洞门密封施工以及自制浆液同步注浆和二次注浆技术,使洞门内与外界完全封闭,封堵洞门效果相比于传统施工工艺大幅提高,该技术能使盾构机安全快速地推出外置洞门,迅速高效地完成洞门封堵,大大降低了进洞时常见的洞门涌水涌砂、塌方现象,达到了盾构到达洞门密封接收的预期效果,该技术适用于各种地质条件下的盾构到达接收,尤其在高富水地层应用中效果尤为突出。     

组合式堵漏箱堵漏过程中的水压作用机理

利用动量定理推导了组合式堵漏箱不同结构形式处于不同工况时的动量方程，探讨了堵漏板垂直堵漏、堵漏板斜置堵漏、堵漏箱垂直堵漏、堵漏箱斜置堵漏等四种工况下堵漏作业过程中的水压作用机理，最后通过堵漏试验对理论分析结果进行了验证。结果表明，理论分析结果与试验现象基本吻合，可以用于组合式堵漏箱的水压计算和测试依据。     

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智能交通系统是目前国内外公认的解决城市交通拥堵问题的重要途径之一，也是费效比最显著的途径。作为国内城市交通系统最重要组成部分之一的公共交通系统，近年来开始出现了大量智能公共交通系统方面的应用尝试。本文对我国目前城市投入应用的智能公共交通系统（APTS）的应用状况进行了分析，并根据我国当前国情，分析了我国智能公交系统未来可能的应用方向，提出了对智能公共交通系统改进的技术趋势分析。     

蒙华铁路确保隧道施工质量安全关键措施

蒙华铁路隧道沿线穿越多种不良地质,工程施工难度大、风险高,控制性工程多。在总结和借鉴国内外铁路隧道修建技术的基础上,开展系列实践和创新:针对软弱围岩确立快挖快支快封闭成环的施工原则,取消CD法、CRD法等复杂工法,优先选用全断面法,其次选用台阶法;强化初期支护结构实体质量,推行初期支护格栅钢架紧跟掌子面和初期支护仰拱及时封闭成环紧跟下台阶的"两紧跟"措施;优化超前预报,把监控量测纳入工序管理,建立信息化平台,严格监控量测;依托科研试验,优化系统锚杆、钢架和二次衬砌等支护参数,保证结构稳定;推行机械作业,全面使用湿喷机械手、自行式仰拱长栈桥,研发应用马蹄形盾构,开展黄土隧道预切槽技术研究,改造二次衬砌台车等工装设备,确保工程质量;据实及时变更,合理工程造价,提高合同及投资管理效果。蒙华铁路通过多方面的探索和创新,有效解决隧道建设中一些突出的质量安全问题,保证隧道施工质量和施工安全。     

氢发动机电控喷氢控制策略的研究

在分析喷氢正时和喷氢量对氢发动机工作性能影响的基础上,提出了根据发动机运行工况实时调节和修正喷氢参数的优化控制策略,并基于Pareto秩与决策偏好相结合的全自动标定算法,进行了喷氢提前角和喷氢脉宽电控系统的设计。结果表明,随工况变化动态寻优的优化算法,能实现氢发动机动力性、经济性与排放性等综合性能达到优化的目标。     

美国公路ATIS发展历程简介及其对我国公路ATIS发展的启示

从自发建设、统筹规划、独立实施和联合发展四个阶段介绍了美国公路ATIS发展的历程,分析了我国公路ATIS发展现状及存在的问题,提出对于我国现阶段公路ATIS的发展,首先需要明确ATIS发展的蓝图和框架,同时要注重不同部门和区域之间的协调,加大对ATIS科研和物力的投入,并要建立可行的实施机制和有效的保障措施。     

新型止水材料在海上风电风机基础工程中的应用

海上风力发电机组内部电气设备对室内环境空气湿度控制要求很高,因此风电机组预先埋入风机基础高桩混凝土承台中的过渡段塔筒与承台结合部位止水措施极其重要。文中介绍在东海大桥近海风电场风机基础中应用的新型止水材料的技术性能、施工操作流程及技术措施、健康与安全防护措施等。实际运行情况表明其能够满足设计使用性能要求。     

公路沥青路面裂缝填封处治技术

针对现阶段公路沥青路面常出现的裂缝病害,通过对裂缝破损形式、机理、填封处治技术进行总结分析,得出了一套具有适用性和推广性的沥青路面裂缝处治技术,并有针对性地分析了裂缝填封工艺.研究结果表明,改性沥青作为填封材料填封后,使用寿命最长达7a,平均寿命在2a以上,裂缝处于干燥状态下填封效果最佳,该研究成果可供相关工程借鉴.     

How big data enriches maritime research – a critical review of Automatic Identification System (AIS) data applications

ABSTRACT

The information-rich vessel movement data provided by the Automatic Identification System (AIS) has gained much popularity over the past decade, during which the employment of satellite-based receivers has enabled wide coverage and improved data quality. The application of AIS data has developed from simply navigation-oriented research to now include trade flow estimation, emission accounting, and vessel performance monitoring. The AIS now provides high frequency, real-time positioning and sailing patterns for almost the whole world's commercial fleet, and therefore, in combination with supplementary databases and analyses, AIS data has arguably kickstarted the era of digitisation in the shipping industry. In this study, we conduct a comprehensive review of the literature regarding AIS applications by dividing it into three development stages, namely, basic application, extended application, and advanced application. Each stage contains two to three application fields, and in total we identified seven application fields, including (1) AIS data mining, (2) navigation safety, (3) ship behaviour analysis, (4) environmental evaluation, (5) trade analysis, (6) ship and port performance, and (7) Arctic shipping. We found that the original application of AIS data to navigation safety has, with the improvement of data accessibility, evolved into diverse applications in various directions. Moreover, we summarised the major methodologies in the literature into four categories, these being (1) data processing and mining, (2) index measurement, (3) causality analysis, and (4) operational research. Undoubtedly, the applications of AIS data will be further expanded in the foreseeable future. This will not only provide a more comprehensive understanding of voyage performance and allow researchers to examine shipping market dynamics from the micro level, but also the abundance of AIS data may also open up the rather opaque aspect of how shipping companies release information to external authorities, including the International Maritime Organization, port states, scientists and researchers. It is expected that more multi-disciplinary AIS studies will emerge in the coming years. We believe that this study will shed further light on the future development of AIS studies.     

Estimating arterial link speed using conventional road detectors

Abstract

In response to an initiative to develop an advanced traffic information system in Bangkok, this paper explores practical guidelines for the optimal location of road sensors, such that the data collected on spot speeds reflect an entire link's average speed. In particular, the authors use microsimulation software to investigate optimal detector locations, using the sum of squared errors and root mean squared errors. The analysis hypothesizes that road segments are 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 km in length and are specially designed to replicate typical arterial streets in Bangkok. The results show that a single detector location can produce good estimates of link speed only for segments that are shorter than 1.0 km. For distances of 1.0 km or more, the results suggest that two detectors be used for good link speed estimates under all traffic conditions.